Nhamba huru yemagasi emaindasitiri akadai seokisijeni, nitrogen uye argon anoshandiswa mukunyungudutsa mabhizinesi esimbi nesimbi.Oxygen inonyanya kushandiswa mukuputika kwevira, kunyunguduka kuderedza kunyunguduka kwevira, kushandura, kunyunguduka kwechoto chemagetsi;Nitrogen inonyanya kushandiswa kuvhara muchoto, gasi rinodzivirira, kugadzira simbi uye kunatsa, slag splashing in converter kuchengetedza choto, kuchengetedza gasi, kupisa kwepakati uye kuchenesa system, etc. Argon gasi inonyanya kushandiswa mukugadzira simbi uye kunatsa.Kuti isangane nezvinodiwa zvekugadzira uye kuve nechokwadi chekushanda kwakachengeteka uye kwakadzikama kwekugadzira, magiyo makuru esimbi akashongedzerwa yakakosha okisijeni station uye oxygen, nitrogen uye argon simba pombi network system.
Mabhizimusi makuru-akazara akazara-maitiro esimbi parizvino ane maitiro akajairwa: coke oven, sintering, blast furnace steelmaking, converter electric furnace steelmaking, rolling process, etc. Nekuda kwekusimbisa kuchengetedzwa kwezvakatipoteredza uye kurerutsa kwekuyerera, iyo simbi yepasi rose. uye indasitiri yesimbi yakagadzira nzira pfupi pamberi pesimbi munguva dzazvino - kunyunguduka kudzikisa simbi kugadzira, iyo inoderedza zvakananga iron ore zvinhu musimbi yakanyungudutswa muchoto chekunyungudutsa.
Pane musiyano mukuru mugasi reindasitiri rinodiwa nemaitiro maviri akasiyana ekunyungudutsa.Okisijeni inodiwa neyakajairwa kunyungudutsa blast furnace inoita 28% yeokisijeni yese inodiwa pachirimwa chesimbi, uye okisijeni inodiwa nekugadzira simbi inokwana makumi mana muzana eiyo yakazara oxygen kudiwa kwechirimwa chesimbi.Zvakadaro, hurongwa hwekudzikisa kunyungudika (COREX) hunoda 78% yehuwandu hweokisijeni inodiwa pakugadzirwa kwesimbi uye 13% yehuwandu hweokisijeni inodiwa pakugadzira simbi.
Aya maitiro maviri ari pamusoro, kunyanya kunyunguduka kwesimbi yekugadzira maitiro, akave akakurumbira muChina.
Steel mill gasi zvinodiwa:
Basa guru rekupihwa kweokisijeni mukunyungudika kwevira ndere kuona imwe tembiricha yakakwira muchoto, pane kutora chikamu zvakananga mukunyungudika.Okisijeni inosanganiswa muchoto chinoputika uye yakasanganiswa semhepo-yakapfuma-okisijeni muchoto chinoputika.Kuwedzera kweokisijeni kushanda kwemhepo inoputika yakatsanangurwa mumaitiro apfuura kazhinji iri pasi pe3%.Nekuvandudzwa kweiyo blast furnace process, kuitira kuchengetedza coke, mushure mekushandisa hombe jekiseni remarasha, uye kusangana nezvinodiwa zvekuputika kwechoto kugadzirwa kusimudzira kubuda, mwero wekupfumisa okisijeni wemhepo inoputika inowedzera kusvika ku5. ∽6%, uye kushandiswa kamwe chete kweokisijeni kunosvika 60Nm3/T iron.
Nekuti musanganiswa weokisijeni wemoto unoputika mweya wakapfuma-okisijeni, kuchena kweokisijeni kunogona kuve kwakaderera.
Iyo okisijeni mukunyunguduka kwekudzikisa simbi yekugadzira simbi inoda kuve nechekuita mukunyunguduka kwekuita, uye kushandiswa kweokisijeni kunoenderana zvakananga nekugadzirwa kwesimbi.Iko kushandiswa kweokisijeni muchoto chekudzikisa kunyunguduka ndeye 528Nm3/t iron, inova nguva gumi yekushandiswa kweokisijeni mumhepo inoputika.Iyo shoma yeokisijeni inopihwa inodiwa kuchengetedza kugadzirwa muchoto chekunyungudutsa i42% yehuwandu hwekugadzira.
Iko kuchena kweokisijeni inodiwa nechoto yekunyungudutsa yakanyunguduka yakakura kupfuura 95%, mweya weokisijeni uri 0.8∽ 1.0MPa, iyo dhizaini yekuchinja inodzorwa pa 0.8MPa ± 5%, uye iyo okisijeni inofanirwa kuve nechokwadi kuti ine imwe huwandu hwekuenderera. kupa imwe nguva.Somuenzaniso, nokuda kwechoto cheCorex-3000, zvakakosha kufunga nezvemvura okisijeni yekuchengetedza ye550T.
Kugadzira simbi kwakasiyana nekuputika kwevira uye kunyunguduka kuderedza muto wekunyungudutsa nzira.Oxygen inoshandiswa mukushandura steelmaking inopindirana, uye okisijeni inotakurwa kana ichifuridza okisijeni, uye okisijeni inobatanidzwa mukunyungudutsa kuita.Pane hukama hwakananga hwakaenzana pakati pehuwandu hweokisijeni inodiwa nekubuda kwesimbi.
Kuti uvandudze hupenyu hwesevhisi yekushandura, tekinoroji yenitrogen slag splashing inowanzo gamuchirwa mumasimbi esimbi parizvino.Nitrogen iri mukushandiswa kwepakati, uye mutoro wakakura panguva yekushandiswa, uye inodiwa nitrogen pressure yakakura kudarika 1.4MPa.
Argon inodiwa pakugadzira simbi uye kunatsa.Nekuvandudzwa kwemhando dzesimbi, zvinodiwa zvekunatsa zvakakwirira, uye huwandu hweArgon hunoshandiswa huri kuwedzera zvishoma nezvishoma.
Kushandiswa kwenitrogen kwechigayo chinotonhora kunodiwa kusvika pa50∽67Nm3/t pachikamu chimwe chete.Nekuwedzera kwechigayo chinotonhora munzvimbo yesimbi inoputika, kushandiswa kwenitrogen kwesimbi yesimbi kunowedzera nokukurumidza.
Magetsi choto chesimbi kugadzira kunonyanya kushandisa kupisa kwearc, uye tembiricha iri muarc action zone yakakwira kusvika 4000 ℃.Kunyunguduka kwacho kunowanzo kukamurwa kuita nguva yekunyunguduka, oxidation nguva uye nguva yekudzikisa, muchoto haingokonzeresa oxidation mamiriro ekunze, asi zvakare inogona kukonzera kudzikisira mamiriro ekunze, saka kushanda kwe dephosphorization, desulfurization kwakakwira zvakanyanya.Yepakati frequency electric furnace imhando yekuda simba frequency 50hz inochinjisa ikozvino mune yepakati frequency (pamusoro pe300hz - 1000 hz) magetsi emagetsi mudziyo, matatu-chikamu alternating ikozvino (ac) simba frequency, mushure mekugadzirisa mune yakananga ikozvino, yobva yaiswa. inogadziriswa yepakati frequency yemagetsi ikozvino, yakananga ikozvino kupihwa ne capacitance uye induction coil mukati kuburikidza nepakati frequency alternating ikozvino, gadzira yakakwira density magineti mitsara mune induction coil, induction coil, uye kucheka mu cheng fang yesimbi zvinhu, inoburitsa yakawanda eddy. ikozvino mumidziyo yesimbi.Kushandiswa kweokisijeni kamwe chete kusvika ku42∽45 Nm3/t.
Vhura nzira yekugadzira simbi yemoto nezvinhu zvakabikwa: (1) simbi nesimbi zvinhu zvakadai sesimbi yenguruve kana simbi yakanyungudutswa, zvimedu;② oxidants senge iron ore, maindasitiri akachena oxygen, artificial rich ore;③ slagging agent senge lime (kana limestone), fluorite, ettringite, nezvimwewo;④ deoxidizer uye alloy additives.
Oxygen mhedzisiro yekupa oxidizing mamiriro ekunze, yakavhurika yemoto inonyungudutsa indoor combustion gasi (choto gasi) ine O2, CO2, H2O, nezvimwewo, pakupisa kwakanyanya, gasi rakasimba reoxidizing kune dziva rakanyungudutswa okisijeni inopa kusvika 0.2 ~ 0.4% yehuremu hwe iyo simbi paawa, oxidation yedziva yakanyungudutswa, kuitira kuti slag igare ine yakakwirira oxidation.
Zano: kupihwa kweokisijeni nechoto gasi chete, kumhanya kunonoka, kuwedzera iron ore kana kuvhuvhuta okisijeni kunogona kukurumidza kuita maitiro.
Zvimiro zveokisijeni inoshandiswa mumagetsi esimbi: kuburitswa kweokisijeni uye peak kugadzirisa neokisijeni.
Nzira yekuzadzisa sei kudiwa kweokisijeni yezvigayo zvesimbi?Kazhinji, nzira dzinotevera dzinogamuchirwa kusangana nezvinodiwa:
* Inotora inosiyana mutoro, yakakwira dhigirii yeautomation yekutonga kwepamberi, kudzikisa kuburitswa kweokisijeni, inogona kuve yakawanda seti yekusanganiswa.
* Mapoka akawanda epamusoro-anotonga spherical matangi anoshandiswa nenzira yechinyakare kuwedzera simba rekuvharira, kuitira kuti huwandu hweokisijeni hunoshandiswa mune imwe nguva yenguva hugadzikane, hunogona kuderedza kuwanda kwekuburitswa kweokisijeni uye kuderedza saizi. yemudziyo
* Panzvimbo yakaderera yekushandiswa kweokisijeni, iyo yakawandisa okisijeni inoburitswa neiyo yemvura kuburitsa okisijeni;Kana iyo oksijeni peak inoshandiswa, huwandu hweokisijeni hunobhadharwa nemhepo.Kana iyo yekupomba kwekunze kweiyo okisijeni yemvura isingaganhurirwe nekutonhodza simba, nzira yekunze yekunyungudutsa inogamuchirwa kunyungudutsa iyo yakaburitswa okisijeni uye nzira yekupisa inotambirwa kupfutisa iyo mvura okisijeni.
* Gamuchira akati wandei ezvigayo zvesimbi zvakabatanidzwa kune gidhi rekupa gasi, izvo zvinoita kuti huwandu hweokisijeni hwekupa hugadzikane zvichienderana nenguva dzakasiyana dzekushandisa gasi.
Kufananidza maitiro emhepo yekuparadzanisa unit
Mukuvandudza kweokisijeni chiteshi hurongwa chirongwa chinoda kubatanidza huwandu, kuchena kwechigadzirwa, kuendesa kudzvanywa, booster maitiro, kuchengetedzwa kwehurongwa, dhizaini yese, kudzora ruzha kuita yakakosha chitupa.
Zvigayo zvesimbi zvakakura zvine okisijeni, semuenzaniso, kuburitswa kwepagore kwemamiriyoni gumi ematani esimbi inoputika muchoto maitiro neokisijeni kuti iwane 150000 Nm3 / h, gore negore kubuda kwematani 3 miriyoni esimbi inonyungudutsa kuderedza choto nzira neokisijeni kuwana 240000 Nm3 / h, gadzira seti yakakwana yemidziyo yakakura kwazvo yekuparadzanisa mhepo yave giredhi 6 ∽ 100000, pakusarudza saizi yemuchina inofanira kubva pakudyara kwakazara mumidziyo uye kushandiswa kwesimba rekushandisa, kuchengetedza nzvimbo, inovhara nzvimbo yekufunga.
Kuverengera okisijeni yekugadzira simbi muchigayo chesimbi
Semuenzaniso, choto chimwe chete chine kutenderera kwe70min uye nguva yekushandisa gasi ye50min.Kana gasi rinoshandiswa 8000Nm3/h, iyo (inoenderera) gasi kugadzirwa kwemhepo yekuparadzanisa unit inofanirwa kuve 8000× (50/60) ÷ (70/60) =5715Nm3/h.Ipapo 5800Nm3/h inogona kusarudzwa semudziyo wekuparadzanisa mweya.
Iyo general tonnage yesimbi ine okisijeni ndeye 42-45Nm3/h (patani), kudiwa kwezvose zviri zviviri accounting, uye izvi zvichakunda.
Parizvino, kugadzirwa kwemabhizinesi eChina nesimbi kwasvetuka kumberi kwenyika, asi simbi yakakosha, kunyanya mamwe minda yakakosha ine chekuita nehupfumi hwenyika uye hupenyu hwevanhu hwesimbi ichiri kutsamira kune kunze kwenyika, saka simbi yemumba uye mabhizinesi esimbi anotungamirwa neBaowu Iron neSimbi Factory achiri nerwendo rurefu rwekuenda, nekuti kubudirira kweminda yepamusoro uye yakaoma kunonyanya kukurumidza.
Mumakore achangopfuura, kudiwa kwezvigadzirwa zvekuparadzanisa mhepo muindasitiri yesimbi kwave kunowedzera uye kwakasiyana.Vazhinji vashandisi havadi okisijeni chete, asiwo yakakwirira-kuchena nitrogen uye argon gasi, kana kunyange mamwe magasi asingawanzo.Parizvino, Wuhan Iron and Steel Co., Ltd., Shougang uye mamwe makuru esimbi ane maseti akati wandei emidziyo yekuparadzanisa mweya yakanyatsoburitswa iri kushanda.Iyo yakagadzirwa neyakagadzirwa gasi yemidziyo yekuparadzanisa mhepo haigone kungozadzisa zvinodiwa zvekugadzirwa kwenyika, asi zvakare inounza hukuru hwehupfumi.
Nekukura kwakakura kwezvigayo zvesimbi, pachinzvimbo chekutsigira mhepo yekuparadzanisa unit yakanangana neindasitiri yakakura uye yekuparadzanisa mhepo mushure memakumi emakore ebudiriro, makambani epamba ekuparadzanisa mhepo anewo mukana wekubata nemabhizinesi anotungamira pasirese, vatengesi vepamba, vanomiririrwa. ne hangyang co uye imwe mhepo yekuparadzanisa chirimwa yakagadzira 8-120000 mamakisi emidziyo mikuru yekuparadzanisa mhepo, mudzimba isingawanzo gasi mudziyo wakave wakabudirira tsvagiridzo nekusimudzira, iyo yemagetsi Air China yakatanga kunonoka, asi zvakare iri kuwedzera kutsvagisa nekusimudzira, tenda. kuti nekufambira mberi kwesainzi uye tekinoroji, indasitiri yekuparadzanisa gasi muChina ichaenda kunze kwenyika, kune nyika.
Nguva yekutumira: Nov-03-2021